Old English · suffix
-en
- Part of speech
- suffix, neuter
- IPA
- /en/
- Syllables
- en (1 syllable)
- Modern English
- characterisedadjectival-enmeaningcharacteristicformsconsistingcreate
-en1 · suffix · neuter
Senses
-
used to create diminutive neuter nouns
mæġeþ (“girl”) + -en → mæġden (“girl,” originally “little girl”)
Declension
-en2 · suffix · feminine
Senses
-
used to create feminine nouns from other nouns
god (“(male) god”) + -en → gyden (“goddess”) (with i-mutation)
Declension · strong ō-stem
-en3 · suffix
Senses
-
adjectival suffix meaning "material made of, consisting of”, also sometimes “characteristic of”.
gold (“gold”) + -en → gylden (“golden”)
Declension
| Masculine | Feminine | Neuter | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Singular | |||
| Nominative | -en | -enu-nu-eno-no | -en |
| Accusative | -enne | -ene-ne | -en |
| Genitive | -enes-nes | -enre | -enes-nes |
| Dative | -enum-num | -enre | -enum-num |
| Instrumental | -ene-ne | -enre | -ene-ne |
| Plural | |||
| Nominative | -ene-ne | -ena-na-ene-ne | -enu-nu-eno-no |
| Accusative | -ene-ne | -ena-na-ene-ne | -enu-nu-eno-no |
| Genitive | -enra | -enra | -enra |
| Dative | -enum-num | -enum-num | -enum-num |
| Instrumental | -enum-num | -enum-num | -enum-num |
| Masculine | Feminine | Neuter | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Singular | |||
| Nominative | -ena-na | -ene-ne | -ene-ne |
| Accusative | -enan-nan | -enan-nan | -ene-ne |
| Genitive | -enan-nan | -enan-nan | -enan-nan |
| Dative | -enan-nan | -enan-nan | -enan-nan |
| Instrumental | -enan-nan | -enan-nan | -enan-nan |
| Plural | |||
| Nominative | -enan-nan | -enan-nan | -enan-nan |
| Accusative | -enan-nan | -enan-nan | -enan-nan |
| Genitive | -enra-enena-nena | -enra-enena-nena | -enra-enena-nena |
| Dative | -enum-num | -enum-num | -enum-num |
| Instrumental | -enum-num | -enum-num | -enum-num |
-en4 · suffix
Senses
-
past participle ending of strong verbs
ġecumen
come
-en5 · suffix
Senses
-
meaning belonging to or characterised by
tungol (“star”) + -en → tunglen (“of the stars, sidereal, starry”)
-en6 · suffix · feminine
Senses
-
forms nouns from class 1 weak verbs
byrgan (“to bury”) + -en → byrgen (“burying, grave”)
Declension · strong ō-stem
All forms (22)
Etymology
Inherited from Proto-West Germanic *-īn, from Proto-Germanic *-īną.
Inherited from Proto-West Germanic *-ini, from Proto-Germanic *-inī.
Inherited from Proto-West Germanic *-īn, from Proto-Germanic *-īnaz.
Inherited from Proto-West Germanic *-an, from Proto-Germanic *-anaz.
Proto-Germanic *-an, from Proto-Germanic *-an-.
Inherited from Proto-Germanic *-īni, from Proto-Germanic *-īniz. Sometimes with geminate -nn-, probably due to confusion with the feminine suffix from *-inī.
Descendants
-en
Source: Wiktionary, CC BY-SA 4.0 · en.wiktionary.org/wiki/-en · CC BY-SA 4.0 licence · Attribution