eldertongue

Old English · suffix

-es

Part of speech
suffix
IPA
/es/
Syllables
es (1 syllable)

-es1 · suffix

Senses

  1. genitive case/possessive marker for a-stem nouns, indicating that an object belongs to the noun

    hund (“dog”) + -es → hundes (“dog's”)

  2. forms the strong masculine/neuter genitive singular of adjectives

  3. used in formation of adverbs, originally from the genitive of masculine and neuter nouns, but later added also to feminine nouns by analogy

    dæġes

    by day

-es2 · suffix · alternative form

Senses

  1. Alternative form of -est; marks the second person singular of class I weak verbs

    worða (“to become”) + -es → worðes (“you become”)

Etymology

The a-stem genitive singular ending is derived from Proto-West Germanic *-as, from Proto-Germanic *-as. Based on the voiceless *s, Ringe 2006 argues that this ending was analogically taken from the genitive singular determiner *þas, from *tósyo.

Descendants

-'s, -ce, -s, -st

Source: Wiktionary, CC BY-SA 4.0 · en.wiktionary.org/wiki/-es · CC BY-SA 4.0 licence · Attribution