Old English · verb
healdan
- Part of speech
- verb
- Verb class
- strong class VII
- IPA
- /ˈxæ͜ɑl.dɑn/[ˈhæ͜ɑɫ.dɑn]
- Syllables
- ˈxæ͜ɑl · dɑn (2 syllables)
- Modern English
- ha'dcontainholdmaintain
Meaning
-
to keep watch over (cattle etc.)
Old English Heptateuch, Genesis 4:9
...should I watch over my brother?
-
to hold fast, to grasp
-
to contain
-
to possess
Ðyllīce word María hēold ārǣfniġende on hire heortan.
Such words Mary held, pondering them in her heart.
c. 992, Ælfric, "Sermon on the Nativiity of Our Lord" -
to keep, hold, preserve something in a specific position or state
Iċ… hlūde ċirme, healde mīne wīsan, hlēoþre ne mīþe,…
I… loudly cry out, hold my tone, don't hide a sound,…
10th century, Exeter Book Riddle 8: -
to keep to, maintain, observe a custom or habit
Rōmanisc̄e lēodan ongynnað heora ġēar æfter hǣðenum ġewunan on winterlīċere tīde. Ebrei healdað heora geares annginn on lenctenlīcre emnihte. Đā Grēcisċan onginnað hyra ġēar æt ðām sunnstede; ⁊ ða Egiptisċan on hærfest.
The Roman people begin theirs, after the heathen custom, in the winter time. The Hebrews observe the beginning of their year on the vernal equinox. The Greeks begin their year at the solstice; and the Egyptians in the fall.
c. 994, Ælfric, On the Seasons of the Year -
to maintain one’s position against an enemy
Conjugation
All forms (15)
Etymology
From Proto-West Germanic *haldan, from Proto-Germanic *haldaną (“to watch, look after”). Cognate with Old Frisian halda (West Frisian hâlde), Old Saxon haldan (Low German holen), Old Dutch haldan (Dutch houden), Old High German haltan (German halten), Old Norse halda (Swedish hålla, Danish holde), Gothic (haldan).
Descendants
ha'd, hold
Source: Wiktionary, CC BY-SA 4.0 · en.wiktionary.org/wiki/healdan · CC BY-SA 4.0 licence · Attribution