eldertongue

Old English · verb

læran

Normalised lǣran

Part of speech
verb
Verb class
weak class 1
IPA
/ˈlæː.rɑn/
Syllables
ˈlæː · rɑn (2 syllables)
Modern English
learinstructenjoininstigatedissuadeexhortprescribeleer

Meaning

  1. [with accusative] to teach, instruct, train

    Iċ dō swā ðū mē lǣrst...

    I will do even as thou teachest me,...

    late 9th century, King Alfred's translation of Saint Augustine's Soliloquies
  2. [with accusative] to advise, exhort, urge

    Nāst þū lā Geori þæt ūre godas swincað mid þē and ġīt hī synd ġeþyldiġe þæt hī þe miltsion. Nū lǣre iċ ðē swā swā lēofne sunu þæt ðū þǣra cristenra lāre forlǣte mid ealle and tō mīnum rǣde hraðe ġebūge swā þæt ðū offriġe þām ārwurðan Appoline and þū myċelne wurðmynt miht swā beġitan.

    Knowest thou not, O George, that our gods are striving with thee, and even yet they are patient, that they may pity thee; now I exhort thee, as a beloved son, that thou altogether quit the Christians' doctrine, and quickly incline to my counsel, so that thou sacrifice to the venerable Apollo, and thou mayest so obtain great honour.'

    late 10th century, Ælfric, "Saint George, Martyr"
  3. [with accusative] to admonish, warn, dissuade

  4. [with accusative] to enjoin; to command, prescribe

  5. [with accusative] (malicious) to instigate, incite, provoke

Conjugation

Conjugation of læran
PresentPast
Indicative
1st singular lǣrelǣrde
2nd singular lǣrestlǣrstlǣrdest
3rd singular lǣreþlǣrþlǣrde
Plural lǣraþlǣrdon
Subjunctive
Singular lǣrelǣrde
Plural lǣrenlǣrden
Non-finite forms of læran
Form
Infinitive lǣran
Inflected infinitive lǣrenne
Imperative singular lǣr
Imperative plural lǣraþ
Present participle lǣrende
Past participle lǣredġelǣred

All forms (17)

Etymology

From Proto-West Germanic *laiʀijan, from Proto-Germanic *laizijaną, from *laizō (“teaching”). Cognate with Old Frisian lēra, Old Saxon lērian, Dutch lēren, Old High German lēren.

Descendants

lear, leer

Source: Wiktionary, CC BY-SA 4.0 · en.wiktionary.org/wiki/læran · CC BY-SA 4.0 licence · Attribution