Old English · pronoun
sum
- Part of speech
- pronoun
- IPA
- /sum/
- Syllables
- sum (1 syllable)
- Modern English
- somearticleindicatepronounspecific
Meaning
-
some
Sume æpplas sindon rēade, and sume sindon grēne, and sume sindon ġeolwe, and sume sindon furþum hwīte!
Some apples are red, some are green, some are yellow, and some are even white!
-
used to indicate a specific example of a thing: a, a certain, that
Sum prēost lǣdde þæt folc on þā ċiriċan.
A certain priest lead the people into the church.
-
some of (with another pronoun or article)
Ne līcaþ sumum þām hundum sē reġn.
Some of the dogs dislike the rain.
-
one of (+ genitive)
Þēs wer nis þēofa sum.
This man is not one of the thieves.
-
one of a certain number of things (+ genitive of number)
Hēo fēowera sumu ēode ofer þā westenne.
She, one of four, walked across the desert.
Declension
| Masculine | Feminine | Neuter | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Singular | |||
| Nominative | sum | sumu | sum |
| Accusative | sumne | sume | sum |
| Genitive | sumes | sumre | sumes |
| Dative | sumumsuman | sumre | sumumsuman |
| Instrumental | sume | sumre | sume |
| Plural | |||
| Nominative | sume | suma | sumu |
| Accusative | sume | sumesuma | sumu |
| Genitive | – | sumra | – |
| Dative | – | sumum | – |
| Instrumental | – | sumum | – |
All forms (10)
Etymology
From Proto-West Germanic *sum, see also Old High German sum, Old Norse sumr.
Descendants
some
Source: Wiktionary, CC BY-SA 4.0 · en.wiktionary.org/wiki/sum · CC BY-SA 4.0 licence · Attribution