eldertongue

Old English · pronoun

sum

Part of speech
pronoun
IPA
/sum/
Syllables
sum (1 syllable)
Modern English
somearticleindicatepronounspecific

Meaning

  1. some

    Sume æpplas sindon rēade, and sume sindon grēne, and sume sindon ġeolwe, and sume sindon furþum hwīte!

    Some apples are red, some are green, some are yellow, and some are even white!

  2. used to indicate a specific example of a thing: a, a certain, that

    Sum prēost lǣdde þæt folc on þā ċiriċan.

    A certain priest lead the people into the church.

  3. some of (with another pronoun or article)

    Ne līcaþ sumum þām hundum sē reġn.

    Some of the dogs dislike the rain.

  4. one of (+ genitive)

    Þēs wer nis þēofa sum.

    This man is not one of the thieves.

  5. one of a certain number of things (+ genitive of number)

    Hēo fēowera sumu ēode ofer þā westenne.

    She, one of four, walked across the desert.

Declension

Strong declension of sum
MasculineFeminineNeuter
Singular
Nominative sumsumusum
Accusative sumnesumesum
Genitive sumessumresumes
Dative sumumsumansumresumumsuman
Instrumental sumesumresume
Plural
Nominative sumesumasumu
Accusative sumesumesumasumu
Genitive –sumra–
Dative –sumum–
Instrumental –sumum–

All forms (10)

Etymology

From Proto-West Germanic *sum, see also Old High German sum, Old Norse sumr.

Descendants

some

Source: Wiktionary, CC BY-SA 4.0 · en.wiktionary.org/wiki/sum · CC BY-SA 4.0 licence · Attribution