eldertongue

Old English · verb

swincan

Part of speech
verb
Verb class
strong class III
IPA
/ˈswin.kɑn/
[ˈswiŋ.kɑn]
Syllables
ˈswin · kɑn (2 syllables)
Modern English
swink

Meaning

  1. to work hard: toil, labour

    Nū ðū þæt swā openlīce onġiten hæfst, ne þearfe ic nū nauht swīþe ymbe þæt swincan þæt ic þē mā be gode recce.

    Since thou hast so clearly understood this, I need not now greatly labour in order that I may instruct thee further concerning good;...

    late 9th century, King Alfred's translation of Boethius' The Consolation of Philosophy
  2. to strive

    Nāst þū lā Geori þæt ūre godas swincað mid þē and ġit hī synd ġeþyldiġe þæt hī þe miltsion. Nū lǣre ic ðē swā swā lēofne sunu þæt ðū þæra cristenra lāre forlǣte mid ealle and tō mīnum rǣde hraðe ġebūge swā þæt ðū offriġe þām ārwurðan Appoline and þū mycelne wurðmynt miht swā beġitan.

    Knowest thou not, O George, that our gods are striving with thee, and even yet they are patient, that they may pity thee; now I exhort thee, as a beloved son, that thou altogether quit the Christians' doctrine, and quickly incline to my counsel, so that thou sacrifice to the venerable Apollo, and thou mayest so obtain great honour.'

    late 10th century, Ælfric, "Saint George, Martyr"

Conjugation

Conjugation of swincan
PresentPast
Indicative
1st singular swinceswanc
2nd singular swincstswunce
3rd singular swincþswanc
Plural swincaþswuncon
Subjunctive
Singular swinceswunce
Plural swincenswuncen
Non-finite forms of swincan
Form
Infinitive swincan
Inflected infinitive swincenne
Imperative singular swinc
Imperative plural swincaþ
Present participle swincende
Past participle swuncenġeswuncen

All forms (14)

Etymology

From Proto-Germanic *swinkaną (“to swing, bend”), from Proto-Indo-European *sweng-, *swenk- (“to bend, swing, swivel”). A parallel form to swingan.

Descendants

swink

Source: Wiktionary, CC BY-SA 4.0 · en.wiktionary.org/wiki/swincan · CC BY-SA 4.0 licence · Attribution