eldertongue

Old English · verb

bædan

Normalised bǣdan

Part of speech
verb
Verb class
weak class 1
IPA
/ˈbæː.dɑn/
Syllables
ˈbæː · dɑn (2 syllables)
Modern English
besmirchcompelincitedemandstainconstraindefileurge

bædan1 · verb

Senses

  1. to constrain, incite, compel, urge; to demand

    Ðæs his lufu bædeþ ― Whom his love constraineth.

    Exeter Book

Conjugation

Conjugation of bædan
PresentPast
Indicative
1st singular bǣdebǣdde
2nd singular bǣdestbǣtstbǣddest
3rd singular bǣdeþbǣttbǣtbǣdde
Plural bǣdaþbǣddon
Subjunctive
Singular bǣdebǣdde
Plural bǣdenbǣdden
Non-finite forms of bædan
Form
Infinitive bǣdan
Inflected infinitive bǣdenne
Imperative singular bǣd
Imperative plural bǣdaþ
Present participle bǣdende
Past participle bǣdedġebǣded

bædan2 · verb

Senses

  1. to stain, defile, besmirch

Conjugation

Conjugation of bædan
PresentPast
Indicative
1st singular bǣdebǣdde
2nd singular bǣdestbǣtstbǣddest
3rd singular bǣdeþbǣttbǣtbǣdde
Plural bǣdaþbǣddon
Subjunctive
Singular bǣdebǣdde
Plural bǣdenbǣdden
Non-finite forms of bædan
Form
Infinitive bǣdan
Inflected infinitive bǣdenne
Imperative singular bǣd
Imperative plural bǣdaþ
Present participle bǣdende
Past participle bǣdedġebǣded

All forms (18)

Etymology

From Proto-West Germanic *baidijan, from Proto-Germanic *baidijaną (“to constrain, cause to stay”), causative of *bīdaną (“to wait, guard”), from Proto-Indo-European *bʰeydʰ- (“persuade, agree”). Cognate with Old Saxon bēdian (“to demand”), Old High German beiten (“to urge, pressure, demand”), Old Norse beiða (“demand, long for”), Gothic (baidjan, “to constrain”). More at bide. Indo-European cognates include Ancient Greek πείθω (peíthō), Latin fidere (whence English confide), Proto-Slavic *běda (“adversity, misery”), Albanian bint.

Of unknown origin; possibly a ghost word.

Source: Wiktionary, CC BY-SA 4.0 · en.wiktionary.org/wiki/bædan · CC BY-SA 4.0 licence · Attribution