eldertongue

Old English · verb

habban

Part of speech
verb
Verb class
weak class 3
IPA
/ˈxɑb.bɑn/
[ˈhɑb.bɑn]
Syllables
ˈxɑb · bɑn (2 syllables)
Modern English
have-'ve-ato-infinitivehave toperfect tensepossessexpress

Meaning

  1. to have, possess

    wēman mid wynnum. · Wāt sē þe cunnað, hū slīþen bið · sorg tō ġefēran, þām þe him lȳt hafað · lēofra ġeholena.

    or friendless me would soothe, allure with glees. Knows the one who undergoes, how tough is sorrow as a companion, to whom little has dear confidants for himself.

    oþþe mec frēondlēasne · frēfran wolde,
  2. have (used with a past participle to express the perfect tense)

    Þās þing wē habbaþ be him ġewriten.

    We have written these things about him.

    early 12th century, the Peterborough Chronicle
  3. have to (+ to-infinitive)

    Iċ hæbbe þē tō seċġenne sum ðing

    I have to say something to you.

    The Gospel of St. Luke
  4. to keep

    Ġif ġesīþcund mon fare, þonne mōt hē habban his ġerēfan mid him ⁊ his smiþ ⁊ his ċildfestran.

    If a noble man should move, then he may keep his reeve and his smith and his children's nurse with him.

    Laws of King Ine

Conjugation

Conjugation of habban
PresentPast
Indicative
1st singular hæbbehæfde
2nd singular hæfsthæfdest
3rd singular hæfþhæfde
Plural habbaþhæfdon
Subjunctive
Singular hæbbehæfde
Plural hæbbenhæfden
Non-finite forms of habban
Form
Infinitive habban
Inflected infinitive hæbbenne
Imperative singular hafa
Imperative plural habbaþ
Present participle hæbbende
Past participle hæfdġehæfd

All forms (15)

Etymology

From Proto-West Germanic *habbjan, from Proto-Germanic *habjaną, from Proto-Indo-European *kap- (“take, seize”). Cognate with Old Frisian hebba, Old Saxon hebbian, Old High German habēn, Old Norse hafa, Gothic (haban), Latin capere, Old Irish cacht, Albanian kap (“grip”), Russian ха́пать (xápatʹ), Lithuanian kàpteleti.

Descendants

-'ve, -a, have

Source: Wiktionary, CC BY-SA 4.0 · en.wiktionary.org/wiki/habban · CC BY-SA 4.0 licence · Attribution