Old English · verb
hweorfan
- Part of speech
- verb
- Verb class
- strong class III
- IPA
- /ˈxwe͜or.fɑn/[ˈʍe͜orˠ.vɑn]
- Syllables
- ˈxwe͜or · fɑn (2 syllables)
- Modern English
- wharvego aboutmove aboutroam
Meaning
-
to turn, change
oþþæt collenferð · cunne ġearwe hwider hreþra ġehyġd · hweorfan wille.
Man must pause when he tells a promise until bold spirit would know clearly where thought of hearts would turn.
Beorn sċeal ġebīdan, · þonne hē bēot spriceð, -
to depart, go, proceed
-
to travel, roam, go about, wander, move about
Forþon nū mīn hyġe hweorfeð ofer hreþerlocan; mīn mōdsefa mid mereflōde ofer hwæles ēþel hweorfeð wīde, eorþan sċēatas, cymeð eft tō mē ġīfre ond grǣdiġ; ġielleð ānfloga, hweteð on wæl weġ hreþer unwearnum ofer holma ġelagu.
Thus, my mind now wanders over heartstead; my soul wanders afar with the sea-flood over whale’s home, on the Earth’s corners, comes back, greedy and hungry, to me; the lone-flyer yells, whets the soul on the slain way over the stretch of waters with no refuses.
10th century, The Seafarer: -
to return
An. DCCCXIII Hēr Wulfrēd arċebisċeop mid bletsunge Leon þǣs papan hwearf eft tō his āgnum bisċeopdōme. ⁊ þȳ ġēare ġehergode Eċġbriht cing on Westwēalas frām ēasteweardum ōþ westwearde.
Year 813 In this year Archbishop Wulfred returned to his own bishopdom with the blessing of Pope Leo [III]. And in that year King Edgebright ravaged the Celts of Cornwall from the east to the west.
The Anglo-Saxon Chronicle
Conjugation
| Present | Past | |
|---|---|---|
| Indicative | ||
| 1st singular | hweorfe | hwearf |
| 2nd singular | hweorfest | hwurfe |
| 3rd singular | hwierfþhweorfeþ | hwearf |
| Plural | hweorfaþ | hwurfon |
| Subjunctive | ||
| Singular | hweorfe | hwurfe |
| Plural | hweorfen | hwurfen |
| Form | |
|---|---|
| Infinitive | hweorfan |
| Inflected infinitive | hweorfenne |
| Imperative singular | hweorf |
| Imperative plural | hweorfaþ |
| Present participle | hweorfende |
| Past participle | hworfenġehworfen |
All forms (16)
Etymology
From Proto-West Germanic *hwerban (“to turn”). Cognate with Old Frisian hwerva, Old Saxon hwervan, Old High German werban, Old Norse hverfa.
Descendants
wharve
Source: Wiktionary, CC BY-SA 4.0 · en.wiktionary.org/wiki/hweorfan · CC BY-SA 4.0 licence · Attribution